26 ENGLAND IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. 
parish a veto on the patron’s choice, they seceded from the 
Established Church, and formed a new denomination called 
‘he Free Kirk (May 18, 1843). "Fhus they established a com- 
munion free from all State control, but only at the terrible 
cost of splitting Scotland into two spiritual camps, and setting 
up rival kirks and manses in every town and village, with a 
consequent crop of bitter quarrels that endured for more than 
a generation,