GREAT BRITAIN IN ıß8or, 
prison—proceedings which left no doubt as to his future 
policy. 
In 1801, therefore, England had to face not only her old 
anemy across the Channel, but the new league of the Baltic 
states, The prospect was not cheering, for the/ DomestiO VS 
internal condition of the United Kingdom was difficulties of 
anything but satisfactory. The last throes of the England: 
Irish rebellion had died down, and in 1800 Castlereagh had 
bribed and cajoled the Parliament on St. Stephen’s Green to 
vote away its own legislative independence and consent to the 
Union with Great Britain, But ifthe position in Ireland was 
less desperate than it had been three years before, the general 
aspect of domestic affairs was gloomy. Dearth had prevailed 
all through 1800, and the rise in the price of bread had been 
“ollowed by its usual consequences of discontent and riot, 
The National Debt was piling itself up at the most fearful rate 
— the revenue had been in 1800 only £39,000,000, while the 
axpenditure had been £63,000,000; the immense difference 
between the two had to be made up by borrowing. "The 
military enterprises of Great Britain had been uniformly un- 
zuccessful, save indeed in India. "The last of them, the invasion 
of Holland in 1799, had been perhaps the worst managed of 
the whole series. It was true that we, had been as regularly 
victorious at sea as we had been unfortunate on land, but even 
dur greatest triumphs“—Camperdown, St. Vincent, and_the Nile 
—had been defensive rather than offensive successes. _We had 
prevented France and her allies from insulting our own shores, 
or from gaining £ maste:, in the waters of the Mediterranean, 
But Jervis, Duncan, and Nelson had been powerless to check 
the establishment of & French domination on the mainland of 
Western Europe. Wu ha” swept the mercantile marine of 
France, Spain, anc “om he seas, and annropriaten 
their carrying le. 2. EVEI 
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