UPPER CALIFORNIA.
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valley at the falls of Willamette river, and contains about 500 inha-
bitants. Astoria, on the Columbia river, once a trading post, is now
a port of entry. Portland and Linton, both on the Willamette, below
Oregon City, are villages recently founded,.
Map No. 5.—What bounds Oregon on the north? B, Aa.— South?
U. Ca.— East? M, Ty.—West? P, On.—What mts, on the east?
Ry.— Highest peak? Fs,—What mts. west of Lewis river? Be.—
Near the coast? C, Re. — Chief summits ? Rr., S. Hs., Hd., In, —
Point out the South Pass, This is a gap in the Rocky Mis., 15 or 20
miles wide, through which emigrants travel to Oregon.—— Chief river?
On, or Ca.—Chief branchea? Ls., Cs.— Lengths of the prineipal
tivers? Principal forts? Vr., Wa. Ce.—Cupoes? Fy., Fr., Od, —
Lakcs? Km., Kt.—0On what river is Oregon city? Astoria?
UPPER CALIFORNIA.
1. UPPER CALIFORNIA, NOW 80 noted for its gold, lies east.
ward of the Pacific Oecan, between Oregon and Mexico. It
was conquerecd by the American arms in 1846 from Mexico.
and was confirmed to the United States by the trcaty of 1848.
2. A large portion of the country is mountainous and ste-
rile, and, with the exception of the distriet between the Sierra
Nevada and the Pacific Occan, seems to be of little value for
agricultural purposes. The Coast and Sierra Nevada Moun-
tains extend along the sea-shoro : on the castern frontier are
the Rocky Mountain and Sierra Madre ranges.
3. The central part of California is called “ the Great Basin ;” this
is a vast barren district, 1500 miles in circuit, as yet but hmperfeetly
uxplorcd. "The Colorado, Sacramento, and San Joaquin are the largest
rivers: the two last flow through the finest portions of California.
The Great Salt, Pyramid, and Tul&, are the largest lakcs.
4. The gold region of‘ Califörnia lies at the base of the
Sierra Nevada, and extends nearly 500 miles along the
branches of the Sacramento and Joaquin rivers. Here the
Upper California. Q.—1. What is said of Upper California? What
occurred in 1846? In 1°48? 2, Deseribe the courtre ? What mts.
oxtend along the coasi ” ©: u stern frentier? © WW. 3 the
central part of Californiw 2 11 ı£eribe the Great Baslı ? ich
are the largest river * 7 © Dass he hp om EP a
