INTRODUCTION.
An Empire consists of several large countries united
under the rule of one monarch, generally called an Em-
peror.
A Kingdom, or Monarchy, consists of one or more
countries governed by a King or Queen. It is called a
Limited Monarchy when the power of the king is re-
3tricted by law, and no laws can be made without the
consent of the representatives of the people; and an
Absolute Monarchy when the will of the monarch is
zupreme.
Principalities, Grand Duchies, and Duchies are
3mail States governed by a Prince, Grand Duke, or Duke.
A Republic is a country governed by a ruler chosen by
the people for a limited period, who is generally called a
President.
When a number of separate States or Provinces, each
maintaining its own government and laws, unite for their
common interests, and have one central and supreme gov-
arument, it is called a Confederation.
A Colony is a country colonized or settled by immi-
grants from the parent State,
A Dependenocy is a country subject to the government
of another.
States or Countries in Europe are commonly spoken of
as Powers, and are graded into classes, according to their
moral and political influence. The Five Great Powers
of Europe are Great Britain, France, Germany, Russia,
and Austria. The Lesser Powers are ranked according
to their geographical position and their military and
yDolitical influenee.
POPULATION AND RELIGION.
The Population of the earth is estimated at about 1,434
millions, divided as follows:
Population.
L00,500,000
327, 750,000
795,600, 000
205,800,000
4,250,000
100.000
— 41.434 000.000
No. of persons
to 8q. mile.
America,
Europe, ,
Asin,
Africa, .
Oceania, *
Polar Regions,
.
81
46
1
"Total.
The Inhabitants are divided, according to their reli
gious belief, into—
Christians,
Jews, . -
Mohammedans
Brahmins, ,
Buddhists, , * »
“Jther Religions and Pagans,
385,000,000
8,000,000
160,000,000
200,000,000
500,000.000
181,000,000
— 1.434.000.000
Total.